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26 December 2015, Volume 5 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Experimental Study on Protective Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury ZHANG Jing, ZOU Yu-an, DONG Xiao-hua, MA Fei, WANG Huan-huan 2015, 5 (6):  1-5.  Abstract ( 1170 )   PDF (4441KB) ( 450 )   Objective: Explore the protection of cerebral ischemic preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury by observing the expression changes of TLR4 and TNF-α in cerebral cortex of rats, further investigate its signification. Methods: Thirty six SPF healthy male SD rats were assigned randomly into 3 group: cerebral ischemic preconditioning group (CIP group, n=12), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group, n=12),and sham group (Sham group, n=12 ).The I/R group were subjected to 2 hours of right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) reperfusion with suture-occluded method to establish focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury model. 10 miniutes MCAO by suture-occluded was uesd as CIP, 72 hours after reperfusion, given the same treatment like the I/R group. For the Sham group, separate the carotid artery only. One day after surgery, the animals were sacrificed. The infarction volume was evaluated by the method of TTC staining, the neural behavioral score were measured by Zea Longa assessment criteria and the expression levels of TLR4 and TNF-α mRNA were assessed by the method of real-time quantitative PCR. Results: Comparison of rats in 1 d after ischemia, the infarct volume in CIP group was lower than I/R group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with I/R group, the neural behavioral scores of CIP group were significantly reduced, there exists significant differences(P＜0.05). The mRNA expression of TLR4 and TNF-α in CIP group and I/R group were both apparently higher than the sham group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01), the expression of both in CIP group were significantly lower than the I/R group(P<0.05). Conclusion: Cerebral ischemic preconditioning can ameliorate the dysfunction produced by ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the ischemia reperfusion injury of brain tissue may be alleviated by down regulating the expression of proinflammatory factors, which could alleviate the inflammatory response. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Study on the Role of NGF、NCAM、CXCL12/CXCR4 in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Perineural Invasion DU Gui-xia, ZHANG Fan, LIU Bo, LI Rui-ping, LIU Jun-chao, HAN Xiang-chun, ZHANG Jiu-hong, LI Kong, ZHAO Xiu-fang 2015, 5 (6):  6-10.  Abstract ( 669 )   PDF (6952KB) ( 219 )   Objective：To investigate the relationship among nerve growth factor (NGF), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), CXC chemokine ligand 12(CXCL12), CXC chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and perineural invasion in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC). Methods：We Choose 60 cases of SACC with complete clinical data, divided them into perineural invasion group and non perineural invasion group, marking every cases according to slide and made tissue assay. Using immunohistochemistry technique to detect the expression of NGF、NCAM、CXCL12/CXCR4 in the two group, we analysis the relationship  between factor and the clinical pathological parameters. Results：The ratio of NGF、CXCL12、CXCR4 protein’s positive expression in SACC perineural invasion group were more higher than that of the non perineural invasion group, there are magnificent difference between them (P＜0.05); there are no relationship between the expression of NGF、CXCL12、CXCR4 and patient's sex, histological types, tumor location and size(P＞0.05). There are positive relationship between the expression of NGF and CXCL12 (r=0.279, P＜0.05)and CXCR4 (r=0.451, P＜0.05), but there are no positive relationship between expression of CXCL12 and CXCR4 (P＞0.05). There are no expressions of NCAM in the two groups. Conclusion：NGF、CXCL12/CXCR4 all take part in the perineural invasion of SACC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Effect of Gender on Two Ulcerative Colitis Models induced by OXZ and TNBS Individually in Mice SONG Xiao-min, ZHUANG Zhong-bao, ZHANG Hai-wei, ZHANG Li 2015, 5 (6):  11-20.  Abstract ( 625 )   PDF (9420KB) ( 234 )   Objective: To establish two ulcerative colitis models in mice induced by oxazolone (OXZ) and 2，4，6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) respectively. Explore the influence of gender on mouse models. Methods: 30 KM healthy grown mice half male and half female were randomly divided into 6 groups which include group A (normal female group, n=5), group B (normal male group, n=5), group C (OXZ female model group, n=5), group D (OXZ male model group, n=5), group E (TNBS female model group, n=5), group F (TNBS male model group, n=5). Two OXZ model groups were coated on the skins with 2.4% OXZ solution (100% ethanol solutions) 0.2mL as skin sensitization in 2 days. At the sixth day, the two model group were given the enema(0.1mL 0.8% OXZ dissolved in 40% ethanol).The two TNBS model groups were administered with enema (1.8mg TNBS dissolved in 40% ethanol) at the day 1and day 6.Fast cannot help but water 24 hours before the operation of enema for all model groups mice. Normal group was not dealt with anything. The mental state, hair color, eating situation and the soil of mice were recorded and the activity index disease (DAI) values were evaluated one day after the molding. Then the mice were sacrificed and the colon was isolated out. The Colon Macroscopic Damage Index (CMDI) and the Colon Index (CI) were recorded. The level of the interleukin 4 and the tumor necrosis factor-α of the lesion site were detected. Result: Two kinds of mice ulcerative colitis model were induced successfully. The IL-4 and TNF-α levels of OXZ female model groups were significantly different from the OXZ male model group, but the TNBS model groups were not significant. The all indexes of model groups were significantly different from the normal group, except the CI of OXZ female group. Conclusion: both OXZ and TNBS could induce the ulcerative colitis model in mice which pathological characteristics were different. The gender factors have important influence on the induction of the ulcerative colitis model in mice. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Polymeric Micelles for Drug Delivery ZONG Rui, SHEN Li-xia 2015, 5 (6):  21-29.  Abstract ( 689 )   PDF (9085KB) ( 211 )   Polymeric micelles are composed by copolymers, which are amphiphilic or oppositely charged in the aqueous solution. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks form core and shell structure of the polymeric micelles. The hydrophilic shell and nanoscale particle size (10-100nm) of the polymeric micelles not only escape recognizing and up taking by the reticuloendothelial system (RES), but also passively target cancer and inflammatory tissue by enhanced permeability and retention effect (EPR). Polymeric micelles are the carrier of anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and gene therapy medicine. In this review, we summarized the progress of the polymeric micelles, including the classification of the polymeric micelles, micelles preparation, characteristics, drug release and the application of the polymeric micelles. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Natural Antioxidants in the Progress of Alzheimer's Disease WANG Ying-ying, SONG Xiu-yun, WANG Qi, CHEN Nai-hong 2015, 5 (6):  30-34.  Abstract ( 967 )   PDF (4962KB) ( 274 )   Oxidative stress could easily trigger intracellular signal transduction, catalyze neuronal degeneration, lead to neuronal death and loss, thereby cause and aggravate Alzheimer's disease (AD). Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of AD. Active antioxidant actions could prevent, delay, and treatment AD. In various antioxidant interventions, natural antioxidants became focus on field of future anti-AD research and development for their easily ingest, side effects and other characteristics. In this paper, the progress of natural antioxidants in AD prevention and treatment was summarized in recent years. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Treatment and Protection of POCD by Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation YANG Xiao-Nan, WANG Xin-Sheng 2015, 5 (6):  35-39.  Abstract ( 672 )   PDF (4794KB) ( 240 )   With the aging of population and the progress of medical technology, elderly patients who accept surgical treatment increase and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) increase. Both in the medical level and social level and economic level, to research the occurrence mechanism and protection and treatment of POCD is of great significance. Many research show that some traditional Chinese medicine preparations can protect neuron and improve learning and memory ability of the brain through improving blood circulation of the brain and reducing inflammation after brain injury and adjusting the neurotransmitter in the brain secretion. Those indicate that traditional Chinese medicine preparation maybe a great significance for protection and treatment of POCD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Chemical Compounds and Pharmacological Effects of Single Drug of Dingkundan Prescription ZHANG Tao, ZHANG Bin, WANG Pei-yi, ZHOU Tao, QIN Xue-mei 2015, 5 (6):  40-50.  Abstract ( 1234 )   PDF (12130KB) ( 238 )   Dingkundan is the Classical Medicine for nourishing qi and blood, regulating menstruation Shuyu, especially for a variety of gynecological disease, curative effect is remarkable. And the blood of common gynecological diseases showed disorders, menstrual disorders and other physical symptoms often leads to neurological problems, Dingkundan can improve these symptoms, the treatment will help the nervous system disease.This study is to classify the drugs of Dingkundan prescription according to its function, summarize its chemical composition and pharmacological action, and analyze the contribution of the prescription drugs to the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine. It is hoped to provide a reference for the modern research of Dingkundan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances Achievements about Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Paeoniflorin HU Bao-ling, GUO Chun-yan 2015, 5 (6):  51-56.  Abstract ( 735 )   PDF (6842KB) ( 270 )   Paeoniflorin (paeoniflorin, PF) is one of the main effective components of herbaceouspeony with many kinds of pharmacologic effect. This article reviews the neuroprotective effect of paeoniflorin in the following several aspects: regulate autophagy, regulate immunity, inhibit inflammatory cytokines, adjust Ca2+, K+ channels, block acid-sensing ion channels, adjust MAPK、PI3K/Akt、Nrf2/ARE signal pathways, against neurotoxicity, activate cannabinoid receptor 2, antioxidant stress, inhibit neuron cells apoptosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Angiopep-2 Modified Nanoparticles Loaded With Various Drugs in Glioma SU Xiao-mei, ZHANG Dan-shen 2015, 5 (6):  57-63.  Abstract ( 706 )   PDF (7462KB) ( 224 )   Glioma is a common primary intracranial tumor, the main reason why it is difficult to cure is that the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier prevents the drug from crossing into the brain, thus reducing the drug effective concentration. Secondly, the visible tumor has developed to the middle or late period, missing the right treatment time. Angiopep-2 is a ligand of low density lipoprotein receptor related protein. The LRP is highly expressed on the surface of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and glioma cells. Angiopep-2 can be modified to the surface of nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapeutic agents or imaging agents, which can achieve targeted drug delivery or significantly improve the imaging effect of glioma. This article reviews the application of the nanoparticles modified with Angiopep-2, providing some ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of glioma. References | Related Articles | Metrics