Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Taurine in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology and in vitro experiments. Methods: The intersection targets of Taurine and AMD were obtained and screened from different databases. Through the Protein Interaction Network (PPI). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG Enrichment Analysis) signal pathway analysis, according to Cytoscape to establish a “drug-target-pathway” network to deeply explore the mechanism of Taurine action on AMD. Preliminary verification by molecular docking technology. The model of ARPE-19 cell senescence was established by H2O2 in vitro. Cell proliferation assay kit (CCK-8) was used to detect the optimal concentration and action time of H2O2 and Taurine. The senescence degree was detected by β-galactosidase kit staining. The levels of steroid receptor co-activating protein (SRC), tumor protein 53 (P53) ，and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were detected by Western blotting (WB) assay. The expression levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by ELISA kit. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the expression levels of target genes SRC, P53 and MPO mRNA. Results: Network pharmacological analysis showed that the intersection of Taurine and AMD targets included inflammation-related factors such as SRC, IL-6, TNF-α, and cell senescence related targets such as P53 and MPO. The results of GO biological function and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis show that it contains signaling pathways related to aging inflammation. The results of β-galactosidase staining and CCK-8 experiment showed that the optimal concentration of H2O2 on APRE-19 cells was 100μmol·L-1 for 24 h, and Taurine 10 mmol·L-1, 20 mmol·L-1 and 40 mmol·L-1 were suitable concentrations. WB results showed that SRC was significantly increased and P53 and MPO were significantly decreased in Taurine group compared with model group. PCR results showed that compared with the model group, mRNA level of SRC was significantly increased, and P53 and MPO mRNA levels were significantly decreased in Taurine group. ELISA results showed that IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in Taurine group compared with model group. Conclusion: Network pharmacology, molecular docking and cell experiments were used to confirm that Taurine has an anti-aging effect on ARPE-19 cells by inhibiting inflammation through the SRCP53- MPO axis. It provides a scientific basis for further elucidation of the mechanism of action of taurine in the treatment of AMD.

Objective： To investigate the potential targets and signaling pathways of Astragalus-Curcuma zedoary in ameliorating central nervous system inflammation based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Methods: The main active ingredients and targets of the “Astragalus-Curcuma zedoary in” pair were searched in TCMSP database and BATMANTCM database, and the targets of CNS inflammation were screened in GeneCards database, and the network diagram of “drug-ingredient-target” was established by Cytoscape 3.7.1. Cytoscape 3.7.1 was used to establish the network diagram of “drug-component-target”, and venny 2.1.0 was used to do the Wayne diagram intersection plot to obtain the intersection genes of Astragaluscurcuma zedoary in CNS inflammation. We used String database to obtain the protein interactions map, and analyzed the GO function enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment of the targets by DAIVID, an online analysis platform, to screen out the functions of the target proteins and their related mechanism pathways. Results: Astragalus-curcuma zedoary contains 129 important active ingredients including quercetin, kaempferol, curcumol, and soybean sapogenins, which act on 543 potential targets for drug therapy of diseases including AKT1, STAT3, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF, BCL- 2, IFNG, and JUN. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these targets were widely enriched in HIF-1, TNF, and IL-1β, and HIF-1, TNF and IL-1β. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that these targets were widely enriched in a series of signaling pathways, including HIF-1, TNF, and IL-17, and the core active ingredients were also tightly bound to the core targets. Conclusion: Astragalus-curcuma zedoary may regulate the HIF-1, TNF, and IL-17 pathways through the core targets of AKT1, STAT3, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF, BCL-2, IFNG, and JUN, which may play an ameliorative role in CNS inflammation, and thus provide scientific basis and reference for the treatment of CNS inflammation by traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective: To analyze the application of opioids during 2021-2023 in the inpatients in the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university, and to evaluate rationality of opioids use, so as to provide reference for promoting the rational use of opioids in the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university. Methods：To refer to the application of opioids between January 2021 and December 2023 in the inpatients of the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university. Graph Pad Prism 8 software was used to retrospective analyze and evaluate that the consumption volume, consumption sum, DDDs, DDC, B/A, distribution of departmental and disease use of opioids. Graph Pad Prism 8 software was used for linear regression analysis, and the trend of drug use with each year was estimated according to the regression coefficient of the mode. SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze the chisquare test for quantitative indicators. Results：Thirteen opioids were included in this study. The top 5 opiods in the list of consumption volume were Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (40 mg), Morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets, Bucinnazine hydrochloride injection, Compound platycodon tablets and Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (10 mg) of the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university during 2021-2023. The use of oral dosage forms, injectable dosage forms, and patches of opioids increased yearly and were considered as statistically significant(P<0.05). Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (40 mg) consumption ratio trends upward. The top 3 opiods in the list of DDDs were Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (40 mg), Morphine sulfate sustained-release tablets and Bucinnazine hydrochloride injection of the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university during 2021-2023. Opioids DDDs were in an increasing trend (β>0) and were considered as statistically significant (P<0.05), except for codeine phosphate tablets, morphine hydrochloride tablets, Bucinnazine hydrochloride tablets. The top 5 opiods in the list of consumption sum were Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (40 mg), Morphine sulfate sustainedrelease tablets, Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (10 mg), Fentanyl Citrate Injection and Remifentanil hydrochloride for Injection of our hospital during 2021-2023. Opioids consumption sum were in an increasing trend (β>0) and were considered as statistically significant (P<0.05), except for codeine phosphate tablets, morphine hydrochloride tablets, Bucinnazine hydrochloride tablets. All of opioids DDC trends upward during 2021-2023. Remifentanil Hydrochloride for Injection, Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (10 mg) and Oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets (40 mg) DDC were consistently above 60. Bucinnazine hydrochloride Injection, Codeine phosphate tablets, Bucinnazine hydrochloride tablets and compound platycodon tablets B/A were above 1.00, Fentanyl Citrate Injection B/A were above 2.00. Other opioids B/A remained largely unchanged at 0.00~1.50. Chinese medicine, medical oncology, and respiratory and critical care medicine departments frequently uesd opiods during 2021-2023. Tumors used opioids Most, and lung cancer had highest use rate of opioids. Conclusion：Consumption volume, DDDs, consumption sum and DDC of opioids of the first affiliated hospital of Hebei north university were increasing yearly. Patients with tumors was a major group of opioid users. We should deeply study pharmacogenomics and realize individualized medication of opioids. To select the appropriate drug for the patient in order to use the drug accessibility, safety, and effectiveness.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with Huntington's disease patients, especially the atypical clinical symptoms, to deepen the understanding of the clinical characteristics of Huntington's disease. Methods: The clinical data of one HD patient admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Hospital Affiliated to Hebei North College in January 2022 were collected under the principle of patient's informed and voluntary consent, and the relevant literature was reviewed and followed up. Results: Two members of this patient's family had already developed symptoms of involuntary limb movements, and this pre-documented person had early comorbid dysarthria with a CAG copy number of 43, and it was understood from the relevant literature review that speech alterations are an early symptom of HD, which may precede the onset of other motor and cognitive symptoms. Conclusion: The vast majority of HD has a positive family history and is clinically characterised by slowly progressive chorea, psychotic disorders and dementia, with speech alterations in the early stages and dysarthria and dysphagia in the later stages.

Objective: To explore the application effect of memantine hydrochloride in the adjuvant treatment of Parkinson 's dementia. Methods: 60 patients with Parkinson 's dementia were randomly divided into control group (donepezil hydrochloride group) and observation group (memantine hydrochloride group), 30 cases in each group. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the MMSE scale score was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of memantine hydrochloride in the adjuvant treatment of Parkinson's dementia is significant, which is helpful for patients to restore their daily living ability and cognitive function as soon as possible. It is safe and worthy of clinical application.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of Vitamin D (Vit D) on DNA methylation in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) cell models, and the relationship between these effects and AD pathological progression, to provide new insights and potential targets for AD prevention and treatment. Methods: An AD cell model was constructed by treating human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with Aβ1-42 (10 μmol·L-1) for 24 hours. Western blot was used to detect p-tau protein expression to validate the model. Cells were divided into normal control group, AD model group, and high, medium, and low concentration Vit D treatment groups. MTT assay was used to evaluate the effect of Vit D on cell proliferation. Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of DNA methyltransferases, respectively. Results: The AD model group showed significantly increased p-tau protein expression. Vit D treatment groups demonstrated significantly improved cell proliferation rates compared to the AD model group, in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the AD model group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of DNMT1 and DNMT3A were significantly upregulated in the Vit D treatment groups. Conclusion: This study reveals that Vit D improves pathological changes in AD cell models by upregulating DNMT1 and DNMT3A expression, thereby increasing DNA methylation levels. This finding provides a new perspective for understanding the protective mechanism of Vit D in AD, while also offering potential epigenetic targets for the development of AD prevention and treatment strategies.

GABAA receptors are pentamers composed of multiple subunits, which not only determine the cellular location of GABAA receptors but also affect their biological functions. When the subunit is mutated, the receptor cannot effectively respond to GABA released by presynaptic neurons and glia, resulting in central nervous system diseases. This article will review the relationship between GABAA receptor and common diseases of central nervous system, and strive to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of these diseases.

Xeloda, also known as capecitabine tablets, is the first oral fluorouracil chemotherapy drug, which is converted into 5-fluorouracil（5-FU） by intestinal absorption, and 5-FU is converted into deoxyuridylate monophosphate (FdUMP) and 5-fluoruridylate triphosphate (FUTP) by cell metabolism. It can well simulate the state of 5-FU intravenous therapy, with high effectiveness. Convenience and high efficiency are often used in adjuvant therapy, combined with paclitaxel and other drugs to treat breast cancer, gastric cancer and other diseases, but there are still many adverse reactions. This article reviews the structure, function, clinical application and clinical effect of oral chemotherapy Xeloda.