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26 February 2019, Volume 9 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of Sargentodoxacuneata Total Phenolic Acids on Oxidative Stress Level and Energy Metabolism of Brain Tissues in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury MIAO Ming-san，PENG Meng-fan，FANG Xiao-yan，JIA Jiao-jiao，BAI Ming 2019, 9 (1):  1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.001 Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (1837KB) ( 38 )   Objective：To investigate the effect of Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids on oxidative stress level and energy metabolism in brain tissues of rats with focal cerebral ischemiareperfusion. Methods：The experiment was divided into 7 groups：sham operation group，model group，Nimodipine group （20 mg·kg-1），Naoluotong group （500 mg·kg-1），Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids large，middle and small dose groups （300，150，75 mg·kg-1）. The drug was administered orally once a day for 7 days. One hour after the last administration，the model of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats was established by thread embolization except in the shamoperated group. The other groups were withdrawn after 2 hours of ischemia to achieve reperfusion. After 24 hours of reperfusion，stained brain tissue with TTC，took photos and calculated infarct size. SOD，MDA levels and ATPase （Na+-K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase） activity in brain tissue were also measured. Results：Compared with the model group，Nimodipine，Naoluotong and different doses of Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids could reduce the area of cerebral infarction，reduce the MDA level，increased SOD level and ATP enzyme activity in brain tissue（ P<0.01 or P<0.05）. The effect of Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats was dose-dependent. The effect of large dose Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids on cerebral infarction area and SOD and MDA in brain tissue was similar to that of Naoluotong，but weaker than that of nimodipine. The improvement of ATP enzyme activity in brain tissue was similar to that of Nimodipine，but weaker than that of Naoluotong. Conclusion：Focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model was successfully reproduced. Sargentodoxacuneata total phenolic acids has a protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rat model，has protective effect on cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury in rats，which may be related to its antioxidant activity and improvement of energy metabolism in brain tissue. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary Study on the Effect of Folic Acid on Anxiety-Like Behavior in Adult Mice Induced by Maternal Separation DI Tong，ZHAO Zhi-jie，BAO Jin-feng 2019, 9 (1):  6-12.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.002 Abstract ( 65 )   PDF (1403KB) ( 35 )   Objective：To explore the effect of folic acid on maternal separation mice. Methods：The newborn Kunming mice were divided into control group，maternal separation group and maternal separation plus folic acid group. Behavioral tests were started at 10-week old mice. Results：Compared with control group，the results shown that the movement and exploration behavior of the maternal separation group were decreased in the open field test，however，folic acid could increasethe movement and exploration behavior of mice；In the elevated plus maze test，the maternal separation group had less activity and exploration behavior，but folic acid group no effect compared with the maternal separation group；In the new object recognition experiment，the recognition rate of the maternal separation group was significantly lower than control group，shown the cognition was impaired while folic acid could markedly improve the recognition caused by maternal separation procedure. In the light and dark box test，the maternal separation mouse tended to move in the black box，while folic acid improved activity and tended to explore the light box. Conclusion：The maternal separation induced the anxiety- depression-like behaviors and abnormalities of learning and memory in adult mice，while folic acid can ameliorate ability of cognitive and anxiety-like behavior. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of Pathological Mechanism of Vascular Dementia Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Production of Several Common Animal Models SUN Cheng-cheng，LIU Jian-gang，LIU Mei-xia，LI Hao，LUO Zeng-gang 2019, 9 (1):  13-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.003 Abstract ( 120 )   PDF (1116KB) ( 45 )   Vascular dementia （VaD） is a type of cerebrovascular diseases that can cause brain damages，which is mainly characterized by cognitive capacity，learning and memory decline. As vascular factors are the main factors affecting their onset. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is an important risk factor for cognitive dysfunction of the body caused by vascular dysfunction，so the suitable animal model is an important mean to study its pathological mechanism. This article outlines the pathological mechanism of cerebral vascular disease caused by cerebral hypoperfusion in the development of cognitive dysfunction and dementia and the production of several commonly used experimental chronic cerebral hypoperfusion animal models，and explore the correlation with the pathological mechanism of cerebral vascular diseases，in order to provide suitable animal models for the study of drug-interventional chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced vascular dementia and references for the mechanisms researchs of clinical drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Methods and Evaluation of Animal Models of Induced Chronic Bronchitis LI Wei，ZHANG Dan-shen 2019, 9 (1):  18-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.004 Abstract ( 99 )   PDF (1121KB) ( 52 )   Chronic bronchitis （CB） is a chronic non-specific inflammation of the trachea，bronchial mucosa and surrounding tissues. CB is a serious health hazard，which can develop into obstructive emphysema，chronic pulmonary heart disease，etc. Chronic stimulation of airways by inhaled substances such as cigarette smoke，air pollution and occupational exposure is considered to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis. And microbial infections and acute exacerbations of bronchitis are also associated with its progression. In this paper，we review the construction methods，advantages and disadvantages of various common animal models of chronic bronchitis，such as smoking，sulfur dioxide inhalation and endotoxin injection，in order to provide favorable information for the basic and clinical research of this disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bile Acids and Their Receptors are Associated with Central Nervous System Diseases WU Xian，HONG Hao 2019, 9 (1):  23-30.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.005 Abstract ( 178 )   PDF (1168KB) ( 55 )   Bile acids not only promote lipid absorption，but also regulate the body’s glycolipid metabolism and energy balance. Bile acid receptors are expressed in a variety of tissues and cells，including central neurons，microglia，and astrocytes，and have anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. It has now been found that bile acids can act directly on the brain through their receptors. Bile acids and their receptors play an important role in metabolic diseases including diabetes，obesity，hepatobiliary diseases and other diseases，such as central nervous system diseases caused by inflammation，hepatic encephalopathy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However，the study on the role of bile acids and their receptors in central nervous system has just started，and there are still many problems to be explored. This article reviews the biosynthesis and regulation of bile acids，receptor classification and characteristics，receptor agonists，signal transduction，and recent discoveries in central nervous system diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress of Adrenomedullin in Cardiopulmonary Related Diseases GUO Mo-ran，ZHOU Cheng-wei，ZHANG Zhi-hua 2019, 9 (1):  31-35.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.006 Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (1119KB) ( 42 )   Adrenomedullin （ADM） is a vasodilator active polypeptide consisting of 2 amino acids. Its main characteristic is that the 16th and 21st cysteine residues are linked y disulfide bonds. It is highly expressed in heart，lung and other important organs. The main arts of synthesis and secretion are vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells，in which ndothelial cells play a dominant role. It has many functions，such as vasodilation，hypotension， iuresis，anti-inflammation，participation in oxidative stress，inhibition of smooth muscle cell roliferation，migration and differentiation，etc. It has many studies in cardiopulmonary-related iseases. This article reviews the research progress of ADM in cardiopulmonary-related diseases， n order to provide new ideas for clinical treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress in Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia Injury Based on Astrocytes WEI Zhen-zhen，FANG Xiao-yan，BAI Ming，MIAO Ming-san 2019, 9 (1):  36-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.007 Abstract ( 108 )   PDF (1165KB) ( 46 )   Astrocytes are the largest number of cells in the human brain，and their structures will change significantly in the early stage of ischemia. They express many neurotrophic factors and injury factors and are highly sensitive to ischemia，which can be used as an index to judge early ischemia. In recent years，great progress has been made in the study of the characteristics of astrocytes in cerebral ischemia. Astrocytes have dual effects on cerebral ischemia and can affect damaged brain tissues through various ways. However，the mechanism of action of astrocytes after cerebral ischemia is still unclear. How to control astrocytes to promote the recovery of neural function after brain injury has brought new directions and challenges to the treatment of cerebral ischemia and the development of new drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor in Memory Network ZHANG Dan-shen，SU Xiao-mei 2019, 9 (1):  44-62.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2019.01.008 Abstract ( 80 )   PDF (1758KB) ( 49 )   N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptors belong to glutamate ionic receptor， which are implicated in synaptic plasticity，specifically in learning and memory process. NMDA receptors are involved in learning and memory in the central nervous system，such as receptors and transmitters represented by choline receptors，adenosine A1 receptors and so on；amino acid neural pathways represented by glutamate；intracerebral neuroelectric activity represented by long-term potentiation；changes of genetic proteins represented by brain-derived neurotrophic factor；even the neurotoxicity of glutamate in neurodegenerative diseases and so on. The function of learning and memory is regulated by the changes of NMDA receptors，and then affect the whole central nervous system. In other words，if we consider the information transmission system of learning and memory as a huge information network，the NMDA receptors will be the key point of the network. Therefore， the evaluation of the role of NMDA receptors in learning and memory network should start from the association of NMDA receptors and network，based on micro-research and guided by macro-analysis， to lead to further research of brain function and related disease systems. References | Related Articles | Metrics