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26 April 2021, Volume 11 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of α-Synuclein on Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis SHEN Yuan, HUANG Shu-qi, ZHANG Kai 2021, 11 (2):  1-4.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.001 Abstract ( 133 )   PDF (3160KB) ( 34 )   Objective：Construction and identification of human SNCA and SNCAmu gene lentiviral vector，transfection into the 293T cells，and induce the endoplasmic reticulum stress. Methods：The target gene was amplified by PCR and inserted into lentiviral vector. The recombinant plasmid was constructed and packaged in 293T cells. The expression of GFP was observed by fluorescence microscope 24 hours after transfection. MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of cells in CON group，NC group，OE group and OEm group at different time points（1、2、3、4、5 days）. Western blotting measured the expression of caspase-12 induced by SNCA and SNCAmu. Results：Pgc-FU-SNCA-GFP and pGC-FU-SNCAmu-GFP were successfully constructed and transfected into 293T cells. At different time points（ 1、2、3、4、5），the proliferation of cells in CON group，NC group，OE group and OEm group has significance in statistics. SNCA and SNCAmu induced the expression of caspase-12 in 293T cells. Conclusion：SNCA induces caspase-12 of endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis pathway，which may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease. Related Articles | Metrics

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Differentiation of CD4+CD25- T Cells to Regulatory T Cells induced by Diosgenin in CIA Mice LIANG Xiu-jun, YU Yong-zhou, XIA Dong-shuai, GAO Ya-xian, SUN Tong-you 2021, 11 (2):  5-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.002 Abstract ( 139 )   PDF (2913KB) ( 54 )   Objective：To investigate the roles of diosgenin in the differentiation of regulatory T cells from CD4+CD25-T cells in collagen induced arthritis mice. Methods： CD4+CD25-T cells of CIA mice isolated by immunomagnetic beads on magnetic activated cell sorting device were co-cultured with different concentrations of diosgenin（25、12.5、6.25 μmol·L-1） for 48 hours. The ratio of Treg cells was tested by flow cytometry. The level of Foxp3 mRNA was measured by Real-Time PCR. The level of serum IL-10 was detected by ELISA. Results：This study separated CD4+CD25-T cells of 93.89% purity. The ratio of Treg cells，the level of IL-10 and Foxp3 mRNA were increased significantly in diosgenin groups compared with those in control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion：Diosgenin may induce the differentiation of CD4+CD25-T cells to regulatory T cells in CIA mice and up-regulate the expression of Foxp3. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Huangqi Granules on Apoptosis of Hippocampal Tissue in Alzheimer’s Rats YE San-chuan 2021, 11 (2):  11-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.003 Abstract ( 118 )   PDF (1883KB) ( 50 )   Objective：To investigate the effect of Huangqi granule on apoptosis of hippocampus in rats with Alzheimer’s disease. Methods：Forty-eight healthy male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups：control group，model group，Huangqi granule group and piracetam group，with 12 rats in each group. The rat model of Alzheimer’s disease was established by injecting β-amyloid peptide 1-40 into the ventricle of the rat. Astragalus granule group and piracetam group were given Astragalus granules and piracetam tablets dissolved in normal saline，respectively. The control group and model group were given the same amount of normal saline. After 30 days of treatment，the Morris water maze method was used to determine the number of times of crossing and the escape latency of each group of SD rats to determine the learning and memory ability. Western Blot experiment was used to determine the apoptosisinhibiting protein Bcl-2 in the hippocampal tissue cells of each group，and the levels of proapoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3. The apoptosis of hippocampus was detected by flow  cytometry. Results：Compared with the model group of rats，the administration of Huangqi granules and positive drugs would increase the number of traversing and shorten the escape latency of rats. The results were statistically different（P<0.05）. The levels of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the hippocampal tissue cells of the astragalus granule group and the piracetam group increased significantly，while the levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and Caspase-3 decreased significantly. The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis level of Huangqi granule group was significantly lower than that of model group. Conclusion：Astragalus granules can increase the level of Bcl-2 protein in the hippocampal tissue cells of Alzheimer’s disease rats and decrease the level of Bax and Caspase-3 protein to hinder the process of neuronal apoptosis，thereby improving the ability of learning and memory. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Dexamethasone on Airway Remodeling Morphology and ICAM-1 Expression in RSV-Induced Asthmatic Rats XI Yun-zhu, CHEN Lin 2021, 11 (2):  15-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.004 Abstract ( 106 )   PDF (5764KB) ( 42 )   Objective：To explore the effects of dexamethasone on airway remodeling morphology and intercellular adhesion molecule-1（ICAM-1） expression in respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） induced asthmatic rats，and discuss the potential mechanism of applying dexamethasone in the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods：60 SD male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 rats in each group：normal group，model group，prednisone and salbutamol treatment group，dexamethasone high-dose，medium-dose and lowdose groups. After successfully constructing an asthma rat model with ovalbumin and RSV，rats were sacrificed to obtain lung tissue for hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining to observe the inflammation in each group. Total airway wall area（WAt），perimeter of the basement membrane（Pbm） and airway bronchial smooth muscle area（WAm） of each group were detected by image analysis software. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression level of ICAM-1 in lung tissues of rats in each group. Results：Compared with the model group，the inflammatory response was reduced in prednisone and salbutamol treatment group，dexamethasone high-dose and medium-dose group，and Wat/Pbm，Wam/Pbm and the expression level of ICAM-1 were also significantly decreased compared with the model group，with statistical significance. Conclusion：Dexamethasone can significantly relieve airway remodeling symptoms caused by asthma，which may be related to the decrease of ICAM-1 expression in lung tissue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment and Evaluation of the Spinal Cord Injury Model in Rats QIAN Qi-bing, WANG Jin-ying, ZHAO Chen-yu, et al 2021, 11 (2):  21-25.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.005 Abstract ( 190 )   PDF (3010KB) ( 50 )   Objective：To prepare and evaluate the model of acute spinal cord injury（SCI）in rats，so as to lay a foundation for exploring the mechanism of SCI secondary reaction and the early intervention of SCI repair. Methods：The male SD rats aged 10 weeks were randomly divided as SCI group and Sham group（n=12）. In SCI group，the thoracic vertebrae laminectomy was performed at the 9-11th thoracic vertebrae（T9-11）. At T10，the spinal cord was completely clamped with an aneurysm clamp（50 g for 40 s），to prepare the acute SCI model in rats. The rats in Sham group only underwent laminectomy at T9-11. After SCI，the hindlimb motor function of rats was evaluated according to BBB scores. HE staining and TUNEL staining were respectively conducted to detect the pathological changes and cell apoptosis of spinal cord tissue. The relative content of proteins closely related to cell apoptosis was detected by Western blot. Results：The BBB scores of motor function in SCI group were significantly lower than those in Sham group；HE staining showed that the spinal cord structure of SCI group was severely damaged，cell body contracted，intercellular space became increased，and gray matter cavities were obviously seen；There was no abnormal change in Sham group. TUNEL staining demonstrated that the rate of cell apoptosis in SCI group was significantly higher than that of Sham group；Western blot results showed that SCI significantly decreased the relative content of Bcl-2，but increased the relative content of Bax and caspase-3. Conclusion：The SCI model prepared with an aneurysm clip compression could reflect the pathophysiology of the injured spinal cords. In view of the stability and simplicity of the model making，the clip compression should be widely recommended in the research of SCI repair. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury SUN Ting, XIE Jia-jia, ZHANG Dan-shen 2021, 11 (2):  26-31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.006 Abstract ( 109 )   PDF (1032KB) ( 44 )   Ischemic cerebrovascular disease is one of the main diseases threatening human health. Restoring blood and oxygen supply to brain tissue as soon as possible is an effective means to save patients’ lives and reduce disability rate. However，after restoring blood and oxygen supply to brain tissue，more serious injury may occur，namely cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury（I/R）. As an important organelle for energy production，mitochondria are very important for the survival of neurons. Among the many potential mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction，the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore（mPTP） has attracted more and more attention in recent years. mPTP is a key node mediating brain dysfunction and cell death. This paper systematically summarizes the research status of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in order to provide a new treatment idea for clinical treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Anti-inflammatory Activity of PPARs Agonist in the Treatment of Depression LIAO Yu-mei, XUE Ya-dong, CHEN Sheng, et al 2021, 11 (2):  32-38.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.007 Abstract ( 107 )   PDF (1024KB) ( 61 )   The occurrence of depression is usually accompanied by the appearance of inflammation. The levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased in patients with depression，indicating that there is an important link between inflammation and the development of depression. PPARs play an important role in inhibiting inflammatory responses by interfering with NF-κB，MAPKs，STAT-1，activator protein 1，nuclear factor of activated T cells and other signaling pathways. PPARs agonists such as WY-14643，GW0742，and pioglitazone have potential antidepressant effects. The research direction of PPARs as a new target for anti-inflammatory treatment of depression is the main content of this review. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress of Antiplatelet Antithrombotic Drugs ZHAI Yi-xiu, YANG Hui 2021, 11 (2):  39-44.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.008 Abstract ( 136 )   PDF (1027KB) ( 77 )   Antiplatelet therapy is the important way of anticoagulant therapy in the treatment of the clotting disease of heart and head. In this paper，the development of the research progress of the antiplatelet anticoagulant drugs in recent years were summarized，aiming at providing a certain value of reference for the research and development of new antithrombotic drugs，as well as science，clinical safety use of antithrombotic drugs in our country. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanism of Action of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Effective Components in Treating Epilepsy ZHU Xiao-que, ZHANG Wei 2021, 11 (2):  45-52.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.009 Abstract ( 149 )   PDF (1098KB) ( 138 )   Epilepsy is a chronic nervous system disease characterized by repeated occurrence caused by abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain. It has the characteristics of repeatability，unpredictability and unprovoked attacks. Traditional Chinese medicine has been paid more and more attention because of its stable curative effect and small side effects in the treatment of epilepsy. In this paper，we reviewed the mechanisms of several traditional Chinese medicines in treating epilepsy for further autiepileptic drug development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Roles of Histone Acetylation in Aging HUANG Bo-yue, YANG Bao-xue 2021, 11 (2):  53-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2021.02.010 Abstract ( 431 )   PDF (1480KB) ( 152 )   As a complex multi-factor biological process，aging is characterized by the gradual decline of cell homeostasis，tissue function and body health over time. Aging weakens the gene expression control regulated by epigenetic factors. Histone modification is a key regulatory factor that controls chromatin structure and gene transcription，thereby affecting various important cellular biological processes. More and more studies have shown that histone acetylation under various environmental stimuli is involved in the regulation of translation，which affects gene expression and lifespan. In this review，we summarize the mechanisms of histone acetylation in gene regulation and senescence，describe the direct or indirect roles of histone acetylation in the aging-related gene expression and signaling pathways，and discuss the potential of histone acetylation as therapeutic targets against aging. Related Articles | Metrics