Research Progress on Hyperammonia-induced Hepatic Encepha-lopathy

Abstract

Abstract: Hepatic encephalopathy （HE） is a serious complication of acute or chronic liver failure，caused by many reasons （i.e. ammonia，multiple neurotoxins，false neurotransmitters and benzodiazepine-like compounds）. Evidences suggest that ammonia plays a major role in pathogenesis of HE. Hyperammonia up-regulates gene expression of peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor （PTBR），glucose tranporter-1 （GLUT-1），aquaporin-4 （AQP4），and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase in astrocytes；alters the phosphorylation state of the microtubule-associated protein-2 （MAP-2） and the expression of N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor；induces increase of NO，therefore astrocytic disfunction. It was reported previously that ammonia increased production of ouabain-like compounds and Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity in astrocytes. Research to the relationship of these factors will help us to understand the underlying mechanisms of ammonia-induced astrocytic disfunction and eventually contribute to the new strategies of prevention and therapy of HE.

Key words: hepatic encephalopathy （HE）, peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor（PTBR）, glucose tranporter-1（GLUT-1）, aquaporin-4（AQP4）, Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, microtubule-associated protein（MAP-2）, N-methyl-D-aspartate （NMDA） receptor, nitric oxide （NO）

CLC Number:

XUE Zhan-xia, PENG Liang. Research Progress on Hyperammonia-induced Hepatic Encepha-lopathy[J]. ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA, 2011, 1(4): 33-41.

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