Objective：To study the chemical constituents and determine the content of the chemical constituents in Ardisia japonica （Thunb） Blume. Methods：Separation by silica gel，D101 macroporous adsorption resin，C18 and other chromatographic methods. Purification of preparative chromatograph. Identification of molecular structure by MS，UV，IR，NMR and other spectroscopic methods. The content of compound 2 in Ardisia japonica （Thunb） Blume was determined by HPLC with the homemade compound 2 as the control substance. Results：Four compounds were found from Ardisia japonica （Thunb） Blume，2-methyl-5-［10’（Z）-pentadecenyl］-resorcinol （1），2-methyl-5-［8’（Z）- tridecylene］- resorcinol （2），2-methyl-5-tridecyl-resorcinol （3），2-methyl-5-pentadecyl- resorcinol （4） respectively. The content of compound 2 in roots，stems and leaves of Ardisia japonica （Thunb） Blume was 16.79 mg·g^-1、 19.39 mg·g^-1 and 24.59 mg·g^-1 respectively. Conclusion： Compound 1 was a new compound. Compounds 3 and 4 were first discovered from Ardisia japonica（ Thunb） Blume.