Chrysophanol，as the main effective component of traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb，Polygonum multiflorum and Polygonum cuspidatum，has a variety of pharmacological effects such as anti-cancer， anti-tumor，neuroprotection，improvement of learning and cognitive function，myocardial protection and so on. However，chrysophanol as a single component has not been independently applied in clinical practice. With the continuous application of nanotechnology in the field of biomedicine，studies on the pharmacological effects of chrysophanol and the application of nano preparations to improve bioavailability have emerged one after another in recent years. In this paper，the research status and existing problems of nano preparations in recent years were discussed，and four systems of nano preparation carrier materials were systematically introduced. The pharmacological action of chrysophanol and the research progress of chrysophanol nano preparation are discussed in detail，in order to provide some research direction and thinking for the nano preparation and chrysophanol nano preparation in future.