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Cytotoxic Effect of BI-D1870 in N2a Cells YI Yan, SHANG Ya-zhen 2023, 13 (3):  1.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.001 Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (7366KB) ( 2 )   Objective: To investigate the cytotoxic effect of RSK inhibitor BI-D1870 in N2a and determine the concentration and time of cytotoxic effect. Methods: N2a cells were cultured in vitro, and the specific proteins NeuroD1, NeuN and DCX were identified by immunofluorescence. N2a cells were exposed to a series concentration of 10 μmol•L-1 to 80 μmol•L-1 BI-D1870 and a series duration of 4 h to 24 h. The morphology of N2a cell was observed with the inverted microscope, and the cell viability was measured with CCK-8 method, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release of cell culture medium was assayed by pyruvate reduction method. Results: NeuroD1, NeuN and DCX were detected in N2a cells by immunofluorescence. Compared with the DMSO solvent control group, with the increase of BI-D1870 concentration and the exposure prolongation of BI-D1870, the damage degree of N2a cells gradually increased. The cell morphology changed abnormally, the cell viability decreased gradually (P<0.05) and LDH level in culture medium went up and then went down (P<0.05). Under the treatment of 40 μmol•L-1 for 12 h, the swelling of N2a cells was obvious, the refraction was reduced, the cell viability was about 60%, and the LDH release in culture medium was the highest. Conclusion: N2a cells have the characteristics of neuron. BI-D1870 has cytotoxic effect for N2a cells and the optimal cytotoxic condition is 40 μmol•L-1 for 12 h. Related Articles | Metrics

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A Variety of Amino Acid Detection Methods Based on UPLC-MS Technology and Its Application in Mouse Plasma and Urine YANG Song-rui, YOU Si-han, YING Hong-yan, GUO Chun-yan 2023, 13 (3):  10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.002 Abstract ( 5 )   PDF (1263KB) ( 3 )   Objective: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to establish quantitative methods for 16 amino acids. Accurate quantitative analysis of plasma and urine samples was achieved. Methods: Using UPLC-MS technology, the liquid phase was gradient elution with 20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate aqueous solution (A) and acetonitrile (containing 15%20 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate aqueous solution) (B) as the mobile phase, and the mass spectrometry was detected in multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM). The specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, precision, residual effect and stability were evaluated. The method was applied to the quantification of amino acids in plasma and urine of mice. Results: The results showed that the method met the relevant standards of methodology verification. The results of accurate quantification of amino acids in plasma and urine of mice showed that this method could simultaneously detect and quantify 16 amino acids in plasma and urine of mice. Conclusion: A non-derivatized method for accurate quantification of 16 amino acids in mouse plasma and urine has been established by UPLC-MS technology with good precision and accuracy, which provides a reference for accurate quantification of amino acids in mouse plasma and urine. Related Articles | Metrics

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In Vivo Efficacy Evaluation of Pimavanserin, A New Antipsychotic Drug YU Min-quan, XU Xiang-qing, ZHAO Song, QIU Yin-li, ZHAO Yi 2023, 13 (3):  21.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.003 Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (1294KB) ( 2 )   Objective: To study the in vivo pharmacological effects and antipsychotic activity of pimavanserin, a 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonists. Methods: The in vivo pharmacological effects and antipsychotic activity of pimavanserin were evaluated by DOI induced head shaking model in mice, DOI induced prepulse inhibition (PPI) injury model in rats and MPTP（1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine）+MK-801 {(+)-5-methyl-10,11- dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate)} induced parkinson′s disease psychosis (PDP ) model in mice. Results: Pimavanserin (0.1, 0.3, 1 and 3 mgkg-1) significantlyinhibited DOI-induced head shaking behavior in mice (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001), and the ED50 of pimavanserin inhibited head shaking behavior in mice was 0.20 mgkg-1. Pimavanserin 3 and 10 mgkg-1 could significantly reverse DOI induced PPI injury in rats (P < 0.05 or 0.01), but had no significant effect on PPI in normal rats at this dose. At 3 and 10 mgkg-1, pimavanserin significantly reduced the hyperactivity behavior induced by MK-801 in PD mice (P < 0.05), and the ED50 of pimavanserin in this PDP model was 2.86 mgkg-1. Conclusion: Pimavanserin can reverse DOI induced PPI injury in rats by blocking the function of 5-HT2A receptor in the brain, and has a significant improvement effect on MPTP+MK-801 induced PDP model in mice. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Shexiang Baoxin Pill Adjuvant Therapy on Cardiac Function and NT-proBNP, hs-CRP and Hcy Levels in Patients with Ischemic Heart Failure XU Qiu-bi, ZHONG Dan-dan, LI Ming-peng, LIAO Yu-feng, WANG Zhong-hua 2023, 13 (3):  26.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.004 Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (894KB) ( 2 )   Objective：To investigate the clinical efficacy of Shexiang Baoxin Pill in the adjuvant treatment of ischemic heart failure (IHF). Methods: A total of 84 patients with IHF were randomly divided into control group and treatment group, with 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine western medicine, and the experimental group was treated with Shexiang Baoxin Pill on the basis of routine western medicine. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. The cardiac function indexes (left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD)), Minnesota Heart Failure Quality of Life Questionnaire (MLHFQ) scores, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), homocysteine (Hcy) levels before and after treatment in the two groups were statistically analyzed, and the efficacy of the two groups was compared. Results: Compared with the control group (76.19 %), the experimental group had a higher total effective rate of treatment (92.86 %), and the difference was significant (P< 0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, LVEF and 6 MWT in the experimental group were higher, LVEDD, LVESD, MLHFQ score were lower (P< 0.05). After treatment, the levels of serum NT-proBNP, hs-CRP and Hcy in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The application of Shexiang Baoxin Pills on the basis of western medicine in the treatment of IHF can achieve better curative effect, which can more effectively improve cardiac function, relieve clinical symptoms, and reduce serum NT-proBNP, hs-CRP and Hcy levels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Predicting the Target of Peach Kernel in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease Based on Network Pharmacology BAI Jing-ru, YOU Si-han, YIN Hong-yan, YANG Song-rui, GUO Chun-yan 2023, 13 (3):  31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.005 Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (3705KB) ( 2 )   Objective: To predict the target of peach kernels in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease (PD) through network pharmacology. Methods: The chemical composition of peach kernels was retrieved through the TCMSP database (https://tcmspw.com/tcmspsearch.php), and the targets of peach kernels were predicted through the SwissTargetPrediction database (http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch/). Collect PD corresponding targets through TTD database (http://db.idrblab.net/ttd/) and Drugbank database (https://www.drugbank.ca/), obtain the intersection of peach kernels and PD targets, and perform protein -Protein interaction network analysis, from which highly related targets can be obtained. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis were performed through the DAVID database (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/tools.jsp). Results: 23 compound components and 274 targets were screened from the traditional Chinese medicine peach kernels, and 31 common targets were obtained by intersecting with the 155 targets of PD. The protein-protein interaction network analysis of the common target has 205 nodes, 732 edges, and 28 PD-peach kernel related targets. A topological protein-protein interaction network consisting of 92 nodes and 426 edges was screened by topological indicators, of which 22 targets were highly correlated. GO annotations yielded 105 biological processes, 30 cellular components involved, and 31 molecular functions. KEGG analysis has 33 pathways. Conclusion: Network pharmacology intuitively shows the multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways of peach kernels in the treatment of PD, which provides a theoretical basis for the follow-up peach kernels to treat PD. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention on Blood Cadmium and 11β-HSD2 Abnormal Expression of Preeclampsia Patients GAO Jing, LV Jian-dong 2023, 13 (3):  39.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.006 Abstract ( 3 )   PDF (1064KB) ( 2 )   Objective: To investigate the expression of blood cadmium and placental 11β-HSD2 in patients with preeclampsia and the effect of traditional Chinese medicine intervention on its expression. Methods: 24 patients with preeclampsia were selected as the case group, and all of them were treated with conventional standard treatment. 12 cases were randomly selected from the routine treatment group, and 12 cases were treated with traditional Chinese medicine on the basis of conventional treatment. The intervention group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine intervention group, and the other 12 cases were non-Chinese medicine intervention group. Twenty normal pregnant women were selected as the normal control group. Blood samples of pregnant women were collected to determine blood cadmium, and placental tissues were collected to determine 11-HSD2 after delivery. The correlation between its expression and preeclampsia was analyzed, and the effect of Huangqi Yumixu Decoction intervention on its expression was discussed. Results: The results of blood cadmium determination in the case group were higher than those in the normal control group, and the results of 11β-HSD2 determination were lower than those in the normal control group (P< 0.05). Pearson linear regression analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the two (r = -0.459, P<0.05). The results of blood cadmium in the case group taking Astragalus and corn silk were lower than those in the case control group, and 11β-HSD2 was higher than that in the case control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Blood cadmium and 11β-HSD2 in patients with preeclampsia showed abnormal changes. The increase of maternal blood cadmium during pregnancy will lead to the decrease of 11β-HSD2 protein expression in placenta. The mechanism may be that PERK siR inhibits the decrease of 11β-HSD2 expression in placental trophoblast cells induced by cadmium. Taking traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus and corn silk can reduce the blood cadmium index of pregnant women and increase the expression of placental 11β-HSD2 protein. The mechanism may be that the drug can improve the clinical efficacy of patients with preeclampsia by reducing blood pressure, improving circulation and eliminating edema. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Observation on Upper Limb Spastic Hemiplegia After Stroke by Using Xingnao Kaiqiao Needling and Rehabilitation LIU Hong-jie, PI Tian-long, RONG Tie-cheng 2023, 13 (3):  45.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.007 Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (939KB) ( 2 )   Objective：To observe the effects of xingnao kaiqiao needling and rehabilitation on upper limb spastic hemiplegia after stroke. Methods: 1. 90 patients with upper limb spastic hemiplegia after stroke were randomly divided into group A, B and C, according to the random number table method. They were treated with rehabilitation training, rehabilitation training combined with anti-convulsion drugs and rehabilitation training xingnao kaiqiao needling. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer upper limb function assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel index (MBI) were used before and after treatment. Results: After 4 weeks of treatment, the muscle tone of upper limbs in group B and C was significantly lower than that before treatment, and the activities of daily living and motor function of upper limbs were improved (P<0.05), the effect of group C was significant. But group B and group C have similar effect in reducing muscle tension. (P>0.05). Conclusion: xingnao kaiqiao needling combined with rehabilitation training can improve the spasticity, motor function and activities of daily living of patients with upper limb spastic hemiplegia after Stroke. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Capsule Combined with Flunarizine Hydrochloride on Intracranial Arterial Hemodynamics and Serum β-EP, 5-HT and CGRP Levels in Patients with Migraine ZENG Jun-sheng, WANG Te 2023, 13 (3):  49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.008 Abstract ( 2 )   PDF (948KB) ( 2 )   Objective: To study the effects of Ginkgo biloba capsule combined with flunarizine hydrochloride on intracranial arterial hemodynamics and serum levels of β-endorphin (β-EP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in patients with migraine. Methods: 100 migraine patients admitted to the hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the study objects. Ginkgo biloba group (n=50) and reference group (n=50) were randomly divided by computer numbering method. Reference group was treated with flunarizine hydrochloride, and ginkgo biloba capsule was added to the reference group. The efficacy, clinical symptoms, intracranial arterial hemodynamics, serum β-EP, 5-HT and CGRP levels were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of ginkgo biloba group was higher than that of reference group (94.00% vs 78.00%) (P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, headache frequency, duration and headache intensity scores in both groups were lower than before treatment, and those in ginkgo biloba group were lower than those in reference group (all P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the levels of intracranial arterial hemodynamics indexes in both groups were lower than before treatment, and those in ginkgo biloba group were lower than those in reference group (all P < 0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the levels of serum β-EP, 5-HT and CGRP in both groups were improved compared with those before treatment, and the improvement degree in ginkgo biloba group was better than that in reference group (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: Ginkgo leaf capsule combined with flunarizine hydrochloride has a good effect in the treatment of migraine patients, and can improve intracranial arterial hemodynamics and serum β-EP, 5-HT, CGRP levels, which is worthy of promotion and application. Related Articles | Metrics

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Protective Effect of Joseonol on the Mediation of Neurological Diseases GUO Bao, ZHANG Qiao-qiao, JING Yong-shuai, ZHANG Dan-shen 2023, 13 (3):  54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.009 Abstract ( 3 )   PDF (912KB) ( 2 )   Pinocembrin is a natural flavonoid with high content in honey, propolis and oregano, and has a wide range of application value in the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases. Pinocembrin can play a neuroprotective role in cerebrovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and other central nervous system diseases through various mechanisms such as anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammation, anti-excitotoxicity of nerve cells, anti-apoptosis, etc., and can alleviate the nerve damage caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, progressive multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and other diseases. In this paper, the related research on neuroprotective mechanism of pinocembrin is summarized, in order to provide ideas and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases and the development of traditional Chinese medicine monomer pinocembrin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Association Between Preoperative Frailty and Perioperative Adverse Events LI Xiang-bo, HUANG Yu-li, YUAN Li, TENG Jin-liang 2023, 13 (3):  60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2023.03.010 Abstract ( 4 )   PDF (895KB) ( 2 )   Preoperative frailty is one of the most common clinical problems in perioperative elderly patients. Many studies have shown that preoperative frailty is closely related to the occurrence of perioperative adverse events, such as prolonged hospital stay, postoperative pain, postoperative depression, postoperative delirium, etc. The mechanism of preoperative frailty and perioperative adverse events is not fully understood at present, which may be related to the dysfunction of multiple system functions. Reasonable evaluation, intervention or treatment for preoperative frailty may help to reduce the occurrence of perioperative adverse events. In this paper, typical perioperative adverse events such as prolonged hospital stay, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, postoperative depression and postoperative pain were selected, and the relationship between preoperative frailty and perioperative adverse events, possible related mechanisms and intervention strategies were reviewed. Related Articles | Metrics