阿尔茨海默症的发病机制及治疗药物研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2020.04.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

阿尔茨海默症（Alzheimer’s disease，AD）为一类患症初期较为潜藏，且逐步进阶式的神经性退化性疾病，多发于高龄人群。AD 的临床表现主要为行为、记忆以及表达等机体功能出现障碍。AD 早期极易被忽略，从而错过最佳治疗时期，严重影响到老年人的生活与健康。随着社会老龄化的加剧，防治AD 已经成为全球研究的重要课题。就目前的研究表明，AD 的发病机制有Aβ蛋白的异常沉淀、Tau 蛋白的过度磷酸化以及胆碱能系统异常等。近些年来，全世界的科研人员经过不断地探索和研究，也研制出很多治疗AD 的药物。虽然治疗药物不断增加，但AD 病情十分复杂，不能确定其发病机制，大多数药物也只是缓解症状，尚未有真正彻底治疗的药物。该文综述AD 的发病机制及近些年药物治疗研究取得的进展。

关键词: Tau 蛋白, Aβ蛋白, 胆碱能系统, 治疗药物

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s disease（AD） is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with concealed onset and development. The main morbidity group is the elderly. The clinical manifestations of AD are mainly the dysfunction of body functions such as behavior，memory and expression. AD can be easily ignored in the early stage，so as to miss the best treatment period.It has seriously affected the life and health of the elderly.With the aggravation of social aging，prevention and treatment of AD has become an important topic in global research.The current research shows that the pathogenesis of AD include abnormal precipitation of Aβ protein hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein and abnormalities of cholinergic system. In recent years，researchers all over the world have developed many drugs for treating AD through continuous exploration and research. Although the number of therapeutic drugs is increasing，the condition of AD is very complicated，and its pathogenesis cannot be determined. Most drugs are only used to relieve symptoms，and there are no drugs for truly complete treatment. This article reviews the pathogenesis of AD and the progress in drug therapy in recent years.

Key words: Tau protein, β-Amyloid peptide, the cholinergic system, therapeutic drug

中图分类号:

R965

刘畅, 孟宪勇, 董晓华. 阿尔茨海默症的发病机制及治疗药物研究进展[J]. 神经药理学报, 2020, 10(4): 36-40.

LIU Chang, MENG Xian-yong, DONG Xiao-hua. Research Progress on Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Drugs of Alzheimer’s Disease[J]. ACTA NEUROPHARMACOLOGICA, 2020, 10(4): 36-40.

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