Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet plasma concentrate containing mainly high concentrations of platelets, leukocytes and fibrin, obtained by centrifugation of autologous blood, which is activated to release large amounts of cell growth factors (GFs) and cytokines, and has been shown to be effective in reducing inflammatory responses, promoting tissue anabolic capacity and having a strong regenerative potential. The abundance of growth factors and cytokines plays an important role in the initiation and regulation of the soft tissue regenerative microenvironment. Peripheral nerve injuries, bone defects, muscle ligament injuries, articular cartilage disease and chronic non-healing wounds caused by trauma, sports-related or other types of trauma are commonly encountered in orthopaedic clinical practice and often require surgical treatment. This article reviews the recent use of PRP in the treatment of orthopaedic injury-related disorders and discusses future research on the use of PRP in the treatment of orthopaedic injury-related disorders and provides a reference for clinical treatment.