Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of different interventions in elderly patients with sarcopenia. Methods: A total of 156 elderly patients with sarcopenia randomly divided into control group, nutrition group and nutrition exercise group and each group had 52 cases. The control group was given diagnosis and treatment service, the nutrition group was added nutrition intervention, and the nutrition exercise group was added nutrition combined exercise intervention on the basis of routine health guidance. After 3 months, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength, 6 m stride speed, the intervention effectiveness of sarcopenia and the incidence of adverse events were compared among the three groups. Results: Follow-up was completed in all three groups. Before intervention, there were no significant differences in SMI, grip strength and 6 m stride speed among the three groups (P>0.05). The results of covariance analysis showed that there were significant differences in SMI, grip strength and 6 m stride speed among the three groups after intervention (P<0.01). Compared with the control group, SMI in nutrition group increased by 0.601 kg·m^-2 （P<0.001，95%Cl：0.477~0.724）, grip strength increased by 1.167 kg （P<0.001，95%Cl: 0.887~1.448）, 6 m stride speed increased by 0.148 m·s^-1（ P<0.001，95%Cl: 0.108~0.187）; In the nutrition exercise group, SMI increased by 0.677 kg·m^-2 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.554~0.800), grip strength increased by 1.1986 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 1.706~2.265), 6 m stride speed increased by 0.239 m·s^-1 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.200~0.278). Compared with nutrition group, SMI in nutrition exercise group increased by 0.077 kg·m^-2 (P=0.221, 95%Cl: -0.046~0.200), grip strength increased by 0.818 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.541~1.095), 6 m stride speed increased by 0.091 m·s-1 (P<0.001, 95%Cl: 0.052~0.130). The effective rate of sarcopenia intervention in nutrition group and nutrition exercise group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01); The effective rate of intervention in nutrition exercise group was higher than that in nutrition group (RR=1.260, 95%Cl: 0.858~1.850), with no statistical significance (P=0.163). The incidence of fracture and general adverse reactions in the three groups was not statistically significant (Fracture P=0.128; Adverse reaction P=0.773); The incidence of fall in nutrition group and nutrition exercise group was significantly lower than that in control group, with statistical significance (P=0.049). Conclusion: Nutritional intervention and nutritional exercise intervention for elderly patients with sarcopenia can improve muscle mass and muscle function, reduce the incidence of adverse events of fall, and have high safety and effectiveness, which is of great significance for elderly patients with sarcopenia.