Objective： To predict the active components, potential targets and mechanisms of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by network pharmacology and molecular docking strategy, so as to provide evidence for the application of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the prevention and treatment of AD. Methods: TCMSP database was used to query the chemical constituents and targets of Paeonia lactiflora and looked up the targets of AD-related proteins through Gene Cards database. Then, the targets of Paeoniae Radix Alba and AD were entered into Venny 2.1 website to get the intersection targets of root of herbaceous peony and AD, and made Venny map. The intersection targets were imported into Multiple proteins under String database, and the PPI network map was drawn. After importing the intersection targets into Cytoscape, the degree value was analyzed, and the top ranked compounds and targets were screened out. Then the intersection targets were imported into David website to conduct GO and KEGG analysis. Finally, the molecular docking technology was used to verify the Paeoniae Radix Alba in preventing and treating AD. Results: A total of 15 chemical constituents were screened from Paeoniae Radix Alba with 208 cross targets. The terms of GO and KEGG analysis mainly involved in RNA and DNA defect, protein binding, oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and cancer-related pathways. The results of molecular docking showed that paeoniflorin (PF), albiflorin (AL) and Catechin [(+)-catechin, CT] bound SRC, EGFR and HSP90AA1 well, respectively. Conclusion: Paeoniae Radix Alba can prevent and treat AD by inhibiting the deposition of Aβ protein and the aggregation of Tau protein, inhibiting inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress, and protecting neurons. The underlying molecular mechanisms may be that PF, AL and CT down-regulates SRC, up-regulates HSP90AA1 and down-regulates EGFR. This paper provides a new idea for the clinical application of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the prevention and treatment of AD.