Abstract: Objective：To study the effect of the petroleum ether extract from Amygdalus mongolica on blood lipid level in hyperlipidemia rats. Methods：Model was established by feeding high-fat diet for five weeks. Experimental animals were divided into six groups：control group，model group，XUE Zhi-kang group（61.7 mg·kg-1）and 1 000，2 000，2 500 mg·kg-1 of the petroleum ether extract from Amygdalus mongolica. Hyperlipidemic indicators were tested after 7 weeks oral administration of petroleum ether extract. Lipid comprehensive index and atherosclerosis index were calculated. Results：Compared with the hyperlipidemic model group，low-dose group of petroleum ether extract group from Amygdalus mongolica could significantly decreased the level of serum TC、LDL-C in the hyperlipidemia rat and TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、atherosclerotic index （P<0.01，P<0.05）. Conclusion：Petroleum ether extract from Amygdalus mongolica could improve blood lipid level，reduced the risk of arteriosclerosis.

Key words: Amygdalus mongolica, petroleum ether extract, hyperlipidemia