神经药理学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 26-30.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2017.04.004

• 专题论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

右美托咪定的作用机制及在临床麻醉中的应用

袁莉,王会荣,滕金亮   

  1. 1. 河北北方学院,张家口,075000,中国
    2. 河北北方学院附属第一医院麻醉科,张家口,075000,中国
  • 出版日期:2017-08-26 发布日期:2017-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 滕金亮,男,主任医师,教授,硕士研究生导师;E-mali:tengjinliang@126.com
  • 作者简介:袁莉,女,硕士研究生;E-mali:ge_yuanli@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    2016 年政府资助省级临床医学优秀人才项目

The Mechanism of Dexmedetomidine and Its Application in Clinical Anesthesia

YUAN Li,WANG Hui-rong,TENG Jin-liang   

  1. 1. Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,075000,China
    2. Department of Anesthesiology,The First Hospital of Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,075000,China
  • Online:2017-08-26 Published:2017-12-01
  • Contact: 滕金亮,男,主任医师,教授,硕士研究生导师;E-mali:tengjinliang@126.com
  • About author:袁莉,女,硕士研究生;E-mali:ge_yuanli@163.com
  • Supported by:

    2016 年政府资助省级临床医学优秀人才项目

摘要: α2- 肾上腺素受体激动剂具有镇静、抗焦虑、催眠、镇痛作用,右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine,Dex)是一种新型、强效、高选择性的α2- 肾上腺素受体激动剂。目前研究表明,Dex 具有减少镇静药和阿片类药剂量、稳定血流动力学、抗炎和器官保护、抗寒颤、止涎等药理特性,在广泛的临床应用中,Dex 被认为是一种有效、安全的辅助用药,或单独使用的治疗剂,在临床麻醉应用中具有广泛的前景。该文从Dex 的作用机制,术前使用,术中神经阻滞、椎管内麻醉、全麻辅助用药,术后使用,脏器保护,重症加强护理病房(intensive care unit,ICU)镇静等方面对其在临床麻醉中的应用现状做一综述,为 Dex 的临床应用及基础研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 右美托咪定, 作用机制, 临床围术期, 镇静, 镇痛

Abstract: Alpha 2- adrenergic receptor agonist has sedative,anti-anxiety,hypnotic and analgesic effects. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a new,potent and highly selective alpha 2- adrenergic receptor agonist.The present study showed that Dex could reduce the sedative and opioid dose,stabilize hemodynamics,and had the effects on anti-inflammation and organ protection,anti-shaking and salivation as well as other pharmacological properties in a wide range of clinical applications. Dex is considered to be a safe and effective adjuvant,or in single use of therapeutic agent in clinical anesthesia,it has a broad application prospects. From the mechanism of Dex,preoperative,intraoperative nerve block and spinal anesthesia,general anesthesia and postoperative adjuvant drug use,organ protection,ICU sedation etc. This article reviews its application in clinical anesthesia,and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application and basic research of Dex.

Key words: dexmedetomidine, action mechanism, clinical perioperative period, calm, analgesia

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