神经药理学报

神经药理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (2): 8-.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.02.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

易混淆中药栽培防风与党参的鉴别特征区分研究

韩慧琴，荆燕燕，任婧，徐良杰，魏淑文   

  1. 张家口市食品药品检验中心，张家口市食品药品质量控制与检验检测重点实验室，张家口， 075000，中国
  • 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 荆燕燕，本科；研究方向：中药材及中成药质量标准制定质量评价
  • 作者简介:韩慧琴，本科，高级工程师；研究方向：中药鉴定及质量标准制定；E-mail：2205006550@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    张家口市科学技术局2024年市级科技计划自筹经费项目（No.2421089D）

Research on the Identification and Differentiation Characteristics of Easily Confused Chinese Medicinal Herbs of Saposhnikovia Divaricata and Codonopsis Pilosula

HAN Hui-qin, JING Yan-yan, REN Jing, XU Liang-jie, WEI Shu-wen   

  1. Zhangjiakou City Institute for Food and Drug Control, Zhangjiakou key Laboratory of Food and Drug Quality Control and Testing, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
  • Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-08-25

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摘要：

目的： 研究区别栽培防风及其伪品党参的鉴别特征。方法：在肉眼及荧光（254、365 nm）下观察2 种药 材及饮片性状，体视显微镜下观察记录其微性状；采用显微观察法鉴别粉末及横切面的显微特征；采用紫外分光 光度法和红外分光光度法定性鉴别。结果：栽培防风和党参在外表面颜色、根头部位特征、切面颜色、气味等方面 存在明显差异。两者的样品粉末区别为防风含有油管，石细胞少见，长圆形或类长方形，壁较厚。党参含有菊糖、 联接乳管，石细胞多见，大多一端或一边尖突；横切面特征防风韧皮部有多数类圆形油管，管内可见金黄色分泌 物；木质部导管甚多。党参韧皮部散有淡黄色乳管群，木质部导管较少。栽培防风和党参紫外光谱图及红外光谱 图也有明显区别。结论：该方法操作简便，特征明显易辨认，可用于区分防风和党参。

关键词: 栽培防风, 党参, 性状, 粉末显微鉴别, 横切面显微鉴别, 紫外分光光度法, 红外分光光度法

Abstract:

Objective: To study the identification characteristics of Saposhnikoviae Radix and its counterfeit Codonopsis Radix. Methods: Observe the characters and micro-characters of medicinal materials and decoction pieces; Microscopic observation was used to identify the microscopic characteristics of powder and cross section; Qualitative identification was conducted by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and infrared spectrophotometry. Results: There are obvious differences between Saposhnikovia divaricata and Codonopsis pilosula in outer surface color, root position characteristics, section color and smell. The difference between the two sample powders is that Saposhnikovia divaricata contains oil pipes, and the stone cells are rare, oblong or rectangular, and the walls are thick. Codonopsis pilosula contains inulin, connective mammary duct, and stone cells are common, most of which are pointed at one end or one side; The transverse section features that there are many round oil pipes in the phloem of windbreak, and golden yellow secretion can be seen in the pipes; There are many xylem vessels. There are yellowish laticifers scattered in the phloem of Codonopsis pilosula, and few vessels in the xylem. The ultraviolet spectra of Radix Saposhnikoviae and Radix Codonopsis are also obviously different. Conclusion: The method is simple and easy to operate, and its characteristics are obvious and easy to identify,so it can be used to distinguish Saposhnikoviae Radix from Codonopsis Radix.

Key words: saposhnikoviae radix, codonopsis radix, character, microscopic identification of powder, microscopic identification of cross section, UV absorption spectrometry, IR absorption spectrometry

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