神经药理学报

神经药理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 33-.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.006

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神经炎症的分子基础与疾病进展研究

李亚慧，张瑜玉，张炜，孔德志   

  1. 1. 河北医科大学中西医结合研究所，石家庄，050017，中国 

    2. 河北医科大学口腔医院药剂科，河北省口腔医学重点实验室，石家庄，050017，中国

  • 出版日期:2025-02-26 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 孔德志，博士，教授；研究方向：中药药理学；E-mail：kongdezhi@hebmu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李亚慧，硕士研究生；研究方向：中药药理学；E-mail：1324050219@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（No.82174004，No.82474103）

Research on the Molecular Basis of Neuroinflammation and Disease Progression

LI Ya-hui, ZHANG Yu-yu, ZHANG Wei, KONG De-zhi   

  1. 1. Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China 

    2. Pharmacy Department Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China

  • Online:2025-02-26 Published:2025-06-20

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摘要：

炎症是机体对外部刺激的先天防御反应，旨在维持中枢神经系统的内环境稳态。然而，过度的神经炎 症反应可诱导神经元变性，促进神经系统疾病的进展。研究表明，胶质细胞通过细胞表型分化、激活细胞因子释 放和调节免疫系统功能，在神经炎症的发生发展中发挥关键作用。该文综述了胶质细胞在神经炎症中的作用机 制、炎症信号通路的激活及相关标志物，并探讨神经炎症与常见中枢神经系统疾病的关联，为从神经炎症防治角 度寻求相关疾病的潜在治疗策略提供理论参考。

关键词: 神经炎症, 小胶质细胞, 星形胶质细胞, 神经系统疾病

Abstract:

Inflammation is an innate defense response by which the body responds to external stimuli, maintaining internal homeostasis and protecting the central nervous system. However, excessive neuroinflammatory responses can induce neuronal degeneration and promote the development of neurological diseases. Numerous studies demonstrate that glial cells are critical in neuroinflammation through cellular phenotypic differentiation, inflammatory activation, cytokine release, and immune system regulation. This review examines the role of glial cells in neuroinflammation, analyzing inflammatory signaling pathways, key markers, and their relationships with central nervous system diseases, providing insights for potential therapeutic interventions targeting neuroinflammatory processes.

Key words: neuroinflammation, microglia, astrocytes, nervous system disorders

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