神经药理学报

神经药理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (1): 43-.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-1396.2025.01.007

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘草酸药理作用及其作为药物载体的应用研究进展

郑海新，李婷，殷宏艳，张海红，王树   

  1. 河北北方学院药学院，河北省神经药理学重点实验室，张家口，075000，中国
  • 出版日期:2025-02-26 发布日期:2025-06-20
  • 通讯作者: 王树，教授，硕士生导师；研究方向：主要从事药物新剂型和新技术研究；E-mail：wangshu388@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑海新，硕士研究生；研究方向：药物新剂型和新技术研究；E-mail：778615154@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北北方学院科研项目（No.XJ2024023)，张家口市重点研发计划项目（No.2421083D)

Progress in Pharmacological Effects of Glycyrrhizic Acid and Its Application as Drug Carrier

ZHENG Hai-xin, LI Ting, YIN Hong-yan, ZHANG Hai-hong, WANG Shu   

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
  • Online:2025-02-26 Published:2025-06-20

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摘要： 甘草（glycyrrhiza uralensis fisch）是具有补脾益气、祛痰止咳、清热解毒、调和诸药功效的一味传统中药。 其主要活性成分是甘草酸（glycyrrhizic acid，GA），为三萜皂苷类化合物，具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗炎、保护肝脏等 多种药理活性。甘草酸具有两亲性结构，能自发形成具有壳核结构的胶束，具有类似表面活性剂的性质，具备良 好的生物稳定性和溶解性。伴随纳米技术的进步，用纳米材料修饰甘草酸或将其自组装成纳米粒应用于多种药 物的运输，以克服药物生物利用度低、水溶性差等缺陷成为目前研究的热点。该文对甘草酸的药理活性及机制， 以及其作为多功能药物载体材料的应用进行综述，为其进一步开发利用以及临床研究提供参考。

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Abstract:

Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch is a traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of tonifying spleen and replenishing qi, expelling phlegm and relieving cough, clearing heat and detoxifying, and harmonizing other medicines. Its main active ingredient is Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), which is a triterpenoid saponin compound with antiviral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, liver protection and various pharmacological activities. Glycyrrhizic acid has amphiphilic structure, which can spontaneously form micelles with core-shell structure. GA has the properties similar to surfactants and has good biological stability and solubility. With the progress of nanotechnology, it has become a research hotspot to modify glycyrrhizic acid with nanomaterials or self-assemble it into nanoparticles for the transport of various drugs to overcome the defects of low bioavailability and poor water solubility of drugs. This paper reviews the pharmacological activity and mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid and its application as a multifunctional drug carrier material, so as to provide reference for its further development, utilization and clinical research.

Key words: glycyrrhizic acid, pharmacological activity, self-assembly

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