Objective: To investigate the preventive mechanism of Buxue Tongluo pill(BTP) against osteonecrosis of femoral head(ONFH) based on network pharmacology and transcriptomics. Methods: We established an ONFH model in SD rats using high dose dexamethasone. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely normal group, model group, positive group and low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group. Transcriptome sequencing regarding the femoral head was conducted 4 weeks after continuous treatment. Subsequently, mechanism of action of BTP on ONFH determined by integrated network pharmacology. Results: After BTP treatment, 308 genes were significant changed in expression levels, 120 genes being up-regulated and 188 being down-regulated. A total of 108 key targets were targeted for selection. KEGG analysis suggested that various pathways were largely involved in the mechanisms of BTP against ONFH, such as PI3k-Akt signal pathway, cancer, cell cycle and so on. Conclusion: BTP is effective in treating ONFH through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-channels, which may be related to apoptosis mediated by PI3k-Akt signaling pathway.

Objective: To study the effective components and possible mechanisms of action of Huaier in the treatment of lung cancer by applying network pharmacology. Methods: The effective components and drug targets of Huaier were screened by using the SwissADME and Swiss Target Prediction databases, and the targets of lung cancer were screened by using the GeneCards, OMIM, TTD, PharmGkb and DrugBank databases. The drug targets and disease targets of the effective components of Huaier were taken as intersections. The obtained intersection targets were imported into the String database to construct the PPI network, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted using the Metascape database. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the network of Huaier - components - targets - pathways. Finally, the AutoDock software was used to verify the molecular docking of the active ingredients and the core targets. Results: The results showed that there were 18 potential active ingredients, 1 632 targets of lung cancer, 151 intersection targets of Sophora L. and lung cancer, and 10 key targets of Huaier. for the treatment of lung cancer were selected through analysis. The results of GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the intersection targets were mainly enriched in hormone responses, positive regulation of phosphorus metabolism processes, protein kinase activity, kinase binding and cancer pathways, and transcriptional dysregulation in cancer, etc. The molecular docking results showed that the important components of Huaier had the best binding energy with the core target MMP9. Conclusion: From the aspect of network pharmacology, the mechanism of action of Huaier in the treatment of lung cancer is mainly reflected in the regulation of cell proliferation, protein kinase activity and hormone regulation.

Objective: To observe the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on quality of life, cardiac function, and cognitive function in patients with heart failure complicated cognitive impairment. Methods: Ninety patients were randomly assigned to either a control group or an observation group, with 45 patients in each. The control group received standard heart failure treatment, while the observation group received EECP in addition to the standard treatment. After 7 weeks of treatment, comparisons were made between the two groups regarding the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) score, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), ratio of early to late diastolic ventricular filling velocities (E/A ratio), New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), N-terminal pro- B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, 30-day readmission rate, activities of daily living (ADL) scale score, and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score. Results: After treatment, the MLHFQ scores decreased in both groups, with a more significant decrease observed in the EECP group (P<0.05). Regarding cardiac function, the EECP group showed superior improvement in LVEF, 6MWD, E/A ratio, and NYHA classification, as well as a greater reduction in LVEDD, NT-proBNP, and hs-CRP levels compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in the 30-day readmission rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Regarding cognitive function, the MoCA scores increased and ADL scores improved more significantly in the EECP group compared to the control group (P<0.05); the control group showed no significant change in MoCA scores. Conclusion: EECP is beneficial for improving quality of life, cardiac function, and cognitive function in patients with heart failure complicated by cognitive impairment.

Objective: TTo investigate the safety of benzodiazepines combined with emtricolone hydrochloride in the treatment of dependent insomnia patients.Methods: 80 cases of dependent insomnia admitted to Beijing Fangshan Mental Health Center from June 2021 to June 2025 were selected and randomly divided into an experimental group (40 cases) and a control group (40 cases) using envelope randomization. Control group was treated with benzodiazepines, while the experimental group was treated with itraconazole hydrochloride. The efficacy, ISI, ESS, PSQI scores, objective sleep indicators, and individual safety of the two groups were compared. Results: The total effective rate of experimental group reached 92.50%, significantly higher than control group's 75.00% (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the scores of ISI, ESS, and PSQI in both groups decreased, the latency period to fall asleep was shortened compared to before treatment, the total sleep time was prolonged, and sleep efficiency improved; And the ISI, ESS, and PSQI scores of experimental group were lower than those of control group, the latency to sleep was shorter than that for control group, the total sleep time were longer than that of control group, and the sleep efficiency were higher than that for control group (P<0.05). There were Patentably indistinct on overall incidence of mild dry mouth, next day drowsiness, and fatigue between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: In the treatment of dependent insomnia, the combination of emtricolone hydrochloride and benzodiazepines has significant therapeutic effects, helping to shorten the latency period to sleep, improve sleep quality, enhance sleep efficiency, and have high safety.

Objective: To report one case of spinocerebellar ataxia type 14 (SCA14) mainly presenting with involuntary limb movements and right limb weakness, and to explore the key points of diagnosis and differential diagnosis combined with clinical features, genetic testing and literature review. Methods: Clinical evaluation was performed in a 63-year-old female patient, including medical history collection, neurological examination, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, imaging examination and genetic sequencing, with relevant literature reviewed. Results: Two family members of the patient had presented involuntary limb movements manifested as progressive limb tremor. The family history suggested an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Genetic testing identified a missense mutation of the PRKCG gene (c.1234G>A, p.Gly412Arg), and the patient was finally diagnosed with SCA14. Symptomatic treatment and rehabilitation intervention achieved partial improvement of clinical symptoms. Conclusion: SCA14 shows strong clinical heterogeneity, characterized by tremor, dystonia and ataxia. Genetic testing is the key to definite diagnosis. Early recognition and intervention can delay functional decline, and genetic counseling is essential for risk assessment of family members.

In the Synopsis of the Golden Chamber, the section on "Trembling, vomiting, and bleeding" addresses pathologies of the heart and blood vessels. The relationship between the heart and blood vessels is the transformation and nourishment of the pulse by the sun and fire energy stored in the heart, that is, the relationship between form and qi. The reason for the occurrence of "palpitations, vomiting, and bleeding" is the abnormality of the heart and the stored sun and fire energy in the heart. The reason for the abnormality of the heart is: ① insufficient sun and fire energy in the heart; ② Heart disturbed by water; ③ My heart was hurt by the cold. The reason for the abnormality of the sun and fire stored in the heart is: ① Water dampness can damage the sun and fire; ② Excessive cold can damage the sun and fire; ③ Hot heat can damage the sun and fire energy. The treatment should use sweet and warm products such as cassia twig and licorice, or bitter products such as Scutellaria baicalensis and Platycodon grandiflorus leaves to nourish the sun and fire energy of the heart. It should also use products such as Huanglian, Dahuang, and Jiangshui to clear heat and eliminate fire, while products such as Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Pinellia ternata, Sichuan lacquer, and adzuki beans can remove phlegm, turbid water, and dampness. Additionally, products such as Fuzi, dried ginger, and mugwort leaves can warm the yang and dispel cold to eliminate the damage.

Primary osteoporosis(POP) has emerged as a major chronic metabolic bone disease compromising the quality of life in middle-aged and elderly populations. It is pathologically characterized by progressive bone loss, microstructural deterioration, increased bone fragility, and a consequent elevated risk of fracture. This review examines the gut microbiota, considered the "second genome" in maintaining host homeostasis, which actively participates in the regulation of bone metabolism through multiple pathways—including the production of bioactive metabolites, modulation of immune-inflammatory balance, and preservation of intestinal barrier integrity—collectively forming the core regulatory network of the "gut-bone axis." Substances used in medicine and food homology offer a dual advantage, providing both nutritional support and pharmacological intervention. Their mild action and favorable safety profile make them particularly suitable for the long-term management required by chronic diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that these substances exert anti-osteoporotic effects through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms, such as remodeling the gut microbiota structure, optimizing the microbial metabolite profile, restoring intestinal barrier function, and regulating bone immune-inflammatory responses. This review systematically examines the intrinsic relationship between the gut microbiota and primary osteoporosis. It summarizes the current research progress and clinical applications of commonly used single-herb medicine-food homology substances and classical compound prescriptions in modulating the gut microbiota to intervene in POP. Finally, future research directions and emerging trends in this field are discussed, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the precision prevention and treatment of primary osteoporosis with traditional Chinese medicine and for the development and application of medicine-food homology resources.

Malignant tumors of the digestive system pose a serious threat to human health. Despite advances in medical technology, the mortality rate of cancer remains high. Salidroside, a phenylethanol glycoside compound extracted from Rhodiola plants, exhibits significant antitumor effects and demonstrates potential value in the research of digestive system malignancies. Current studies focus on exploring its anti-tumor mechanisms and evaluating its clinical application prospects. This review will discuss the mechanisms by which salidroside acts on malignant tumors, including: inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, arresting cell cycle progression, inducing apoptosis, suppressing tumor cell invasion and metastasis, and its anti-tumor effects in combination therapies.